#menujohanes{ width: 100%; /* panjang menu */ margin: auto; /* posisi menu auto */ background: #fafafa; /* warna background */ height: 49px; /*tinggi menu*/ -moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; -webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-transform: uppercase; /* Huruf besar */ box-shadow: 0px 3px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); z-index: 99;} #menujohanes ul{ list-style-type: none; z-index: 9; width: 1000px; /* panjang menu */ margin: auto;} #menujohanes ul li{ float: left; position: relative; padding: 12px; -moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; -webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;} #menujohanes ul li:hover{ background:#557FFF; /* warna background ketika diarahkan*/ box-shadow: 0px 3px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);} #menujohanes ul li a:hover { color:#fafafa;} /* warna text ketika diarahkan */ #menujohanes ul li a{ color: #666; /* warna text */ padding: 0 10px; line-height:25px; font-size:11px; /* ukuran text */ display:block; text-decoration:none; -moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; -webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; text-shadow: 0px 2px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);} #menujohanes ul li ul li{float: none;position: relative;} #menujohanes ul li ul{ position: absolute; top:49px; left:0; display: none; box-shadow: inset 0 4px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 1px 0 #ddd,0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); width:150px; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background: #fff;} #menujohanes ul li:hover > ul{display: block;} #menujohanes ul li ul li a{line-height:25px;} #menujohanes ul li ul li ul{ position: absolute; top:0; left:150px; display: none; box-shadow:0 1px 0 #ddd,0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); border-radius:5px; width:150px; background: #fff;} #menujohanes ul li.selected{color: #000;border-left: 1px solid #ddd;border-right: 1px solid #ddd;}
Posted by : Laila October 03, 2016

Vanity Fair Phonograph  Unique Record Players  PinterestVanity Fair Phonograph Unique Record Players Pinteresthttp://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/df/4a/6d/df4a6dd8832bac47bee91e06a84439ee.jpg

91 days antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device developed in 1877 for the mechanised saving and reproduction of sound. In its later forms it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are saved as matching physical deviations of the spiral groove imprinted, etched, incised, or impressed in to the surface of any revolving disk or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the top is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove which is therefore vibrated by it, very reproducing the recorded sound faintly. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air by way of a flaring horn, or right to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electric powered signal by a transducer, then transformed back into sound with a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was created in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors acquired produced devices that may record does sound, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the documented audio. His phonograph formerly recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a revolving cylinder. A stylus responding to sound vibrations produced an along or hill-and-dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, like the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove across the record.

In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the transition from phonograph cylinders to chiseled discs with a spiral groove jogging from the periphery to nearby the center. Later improvements through the years included changes to the turntable and its drive system, the needle or stylus, and the audio and equalization systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominant audio recording format throughout most of the 20th century. In the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined as a result of rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disk and other digital tracking formats. Information are a favorite format for a few audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances still. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The original recordings of musicians are re-issued on vinyl fabric sometimes.

Using terminology is not consistent across the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is often called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixer as part of a DJ installation, turntables are often called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related conditions gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "voice") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The roots were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photograph ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and cell phone ("distant sound"). The brand new term might have been influenced by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times transported an advert for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the brand new York State Educators Relationship tabled a action to "hire a phonographic recorder" to track record its meetings.

Arguably, any device used to track record sound or reproduce recorded sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the expressed word has come to indicate historic solutions of sound saving, relating audio-frequency modulations of an physical groove or track.

In the later 19th and early on 20th centuries, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brands specific to various designers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so substantial use was manufactured from the general term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lip area - a potential way to obtain confusion both and now then.

In British English, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, that have been popularized and launched in the UK by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of this company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, however in 1910 an English court decision decreed so it had become a generic term; it has been so used in the united kingdom & most Commonwealth countries ever since. The term "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. Following the benefits of the softer vinyl documents, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing data) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song files, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of something that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, may also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a far more technical term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanical (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as with British English.

old days

old dayshttp://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/ce/77/91/ce7791526bfba331340f23eb8e3afca2.jpg

Old gramophone turntable record player with shelves, Stone Town

Old gramophone turntable record player with shelves, Stone Town http://n7.alamy.com/zooms/210b19afd2124452b66a297611e91d73/old-gramophone-turntable-record-player-with-shelves-stone-town-zanzibar-gapfa6.jpg

Vintage LeBo Record Holder Vintage Records and Vintage

Vintage LeBo Record Holder  Vintage Records and Vintagehttps://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/b2/80/91/b28091f55e2541d3744e3f99679738c1.jpg

RCA Victor Victrola 1906 Old advertisements Pinterest

RCA Victor Victrola 1906  Old advertisements  Pinteresthttp://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/736x/bb/91/ba/bb91baa27e95225f894c7e34fb16e227.jpg

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