Best Antique Phonograph

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1157: Graphophone, Columbia Phonograph Co, oak case w/R : Lot 1157

Posted by : Laila November 13, 2016

1157: Graphophone, Columbia Phonograph Co, oak case w/R : Lot 1157http://p2.la-img.com/406/17090/5731767_1_l.jpg

Columbia Graphophone Company antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device developed in 1877 for the mechanised reproduction and tracking of sound. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The audio vibration waveforms are saved as corresponding physical deviations of an spiral groove etched, etched, incised, or impressed in to the surface of any spinning disc or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the sound, the top is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is also therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the saved audio. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air by using a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also called record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the movements of the stylus are changed into an analogous electrical power signal by the transducer, then turned back to audio by way of a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was created in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors got produced devices that may record does sound, Edison's phonograph was the first to have the ability to reproduce the saved audio. His phonograph at first recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a spinning cylinder. A stylus giving an answer to acoustics vibrations produced an up and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved laterally in a "zig zag" groove around the record.

Inside the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the change from phonograph cylinders to chiseled discs with a spiral groove operating from the periphery to nearby the center. Later advancements through the full years included improvements to the turntable and its drive system, the stylus or needle, and the sound and equalization systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominant audio tracking format throughout almost all of the 20th century. From your mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply because of the rise of the cassette tape, compact disk and other digital tracking formats. Information are a well liked format for some audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are still used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of musicians are re-issued on vinyl fabric sometimes.

Usage of terminology is not consistent across the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixing machine within a DJ setup, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was produced from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "tone") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The origins were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photo ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and mobile phone ("distant sound"). The new term might have been influenced by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to something of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times taken an advertising campaign for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the brand new York State Teachers Relationship tabled a motion to "employ a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to track record sound or reproduce recorded sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the word has come to mean historical technology of sound taking, affecting audio-frequency modulations of a physical track or groove.

In the late 19th and early on 20th decades, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brand names specific to various creators of sometimes very different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so extensive use was made of the universal term "talking machine", in print especially. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to make reference to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential source of confusion both then and now.

In British English, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, which were presented and popularized in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed which it had turn into a generic term; it's been so used in the UK and most Commonwealth countries ever since. The term "phonograph" was usually limited to machines which used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. After the benefits of the softer vinyl fabric information, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing data) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song details, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the common name became "record player" or "turntable". Usually the home record player was part of something that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such something began to certainly be a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a far more specialized term; "gramophone" was limited to the old mechanical (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used just as British English.