Best Antique Phonograph

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Posted by : Laila September 04, 2016

Electronics gt; Vintage Electronics gt; Vintage Audio amp; Video gt; Vinthttp://i.ebayimg.com/00/s/MTEwOVgxMjUz/z/0iIAAOSwqu9VEak1/$_35.JPG

NAD Electronics antique phonograph

The phonograph is a tool developed in 1877 for the mechanised taking and duplication of audio. In its later forms it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The audio vibration waveforms are documented as equivalent physical deviations of an spiral groove imprinted, etched, incised, or impressed in to the surface of a spinning cylinder or disk, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and it is therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the noted sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air by way of a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electric powered signal by a transducer, then turned back into audio with a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was created in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors had produced devices that may record noises, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the registered sound. His phonograph originally recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a rotating cylinder. A stylus giving an answer to appear vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved laterally in a "zig zag" groove about the record.

Within the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the move from phonograph cylinders to smooth discs with a spiral groove working from the periphery to close to the center. Later improvements through the full years included modifications to the turntable and its drive system, the needle or stylus, and the audio and equalization systems.

The disk phonograph record was the prominent audio tracking format throughout most of the 20th hundred years. Through the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined as a result of rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disc and other digital saving formats. Details are still a well liked format for some audiophiles and DJs. Vinyl records are still employed by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of musicians are re-issued on vinyl sometimes.

Using terminology is not homogeneous over the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is named a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixer as part of a DJ installation, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The term phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "letter" and ???? ph?n? "words") and graphophone have similar main meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as picture ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and telephone ("distant sound"). The brand new term might have been inspired by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which described something of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times carried an advertisement for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Professors Connection tabled a motion to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Arguably, any device used to track record sound or reproduce documented audio could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the term has come to mean ancient systems of reasonable saving, involving audio-frequency modulations of an physical groove or trace.

In the later 19th and early 20th centuries, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brand names specific to various creators of sometimes very different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so appreciable use was made of the general term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to make reference to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential source of confusion both then and now.

In British British, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, that have been presented and popularized in the UK by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of this company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed that it had turn into a generic term; it's been so used in the UK & most Commonwealth countries ever since. The word "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines which used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. Following the launch of the softer vinyl fabric records, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing details) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song information, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of something that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, may also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the term; "turntable" was a more specialized term; "gramophone" was limited to the old mechanical (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as in British English.