Best Antique Phonograph

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List of phonograph manufacturers Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Posted by : Laila June 23, 2016

List of phonograph manufacturers Wikipedia, the free encyclopediahttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/RCA_Victor_Special_Portable_Phonograph%2C_c._1935%2C_aluminum%2C_other_metals%2C_plastic%2C_felt%2C_leather_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09673.JPG/200px-RCA_Victor_Special_Portable_Phonograph%2C_c._1935%2C_aluminum%2C_other_metals%2C_plastic%2C_felt%2C_leather_-_Brooklyn_Museum_-_DSC09673.JPG

IGB Eletrônica antique phonograph

The phonograph is a tool created in 1877 for the mechanical taking and duplication of sound. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The audio vibration waveforms are registered as matching physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of the rotating disc or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove which is therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the noted sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air by using a flaring horn, or right to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the movements of the stylus are changed into an analogous electronic signal by way of a transducer, then altered back into audio by way of a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors experienced produced devices which could record may seem, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the registered audio. His phonograph at first recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet covered around a spinning cylinder. A stylus responding to appear vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove across the record.

Within the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the move from phonograph cylinders to level discs with a spiral groove working from the periphery to nearby the center. Later improvements over time included adjustments to the turntable and its drive system, the stylus or needle, and the audio and equalization systems.

The disc phonograph record was the dominating audio taking format throughout most of the 20th hundred years. In the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply as a result of rise of the cassette tape, compact disc and other digital saving formats. Data remain a well liked format for some audiophiles and DJs. Vinyl records are still employed by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of music artists are occasionally re-issued on vinyl.

Usage of terminology is not uniform across the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixer as part of a DJ setup, turntables are often called "decks".

The term phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "letter" and ???? ph?n? "tone") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photograph ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and mobile phone ("distant sound"). The new term may have been influenced by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which described a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times taken an advertisements for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the brand new York State Educators Relationship tabled a motion to "employ a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to record audio or reproduce saved sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the term has come to imply historic technologies of acoustics saving, affecting audio-frequency modulations of an physical track or groove.

In the past due 19th and early on 20th hundreds of years, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brand names specific to various manufacturers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so considerable use was manufactured from the generic term "talking machine", in print especially. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to make reference to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential way to obtain misunderstandings both and today then.

In British British, "gramophone" may make reference to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, that have been introduced and popularized in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, however in 1910 an English court decision decreed it had become a generic term; it's been so used in the united kingdom & most Commonwealth countries ever since. The term "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. Following the introduction of the softer vinyl fabric details, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing data) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song files, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might play audiotape cassettes also. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a far more specialized term; "gramophone" was limited to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as with British English.