Best Antique Phonograph

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electronics: guitar, record player, stereo, tv » stereo

Posted by : Laila June 18, 2016

electronics: guitar, record player, stereo, tv » stereohttp://off2guam.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/stereo.jpg

NAD Electronics antique phonograph

The phonograph is a tool created in 1877 for the mechanised reproduction and recording of audio. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The audio vibration waveforms are recorded as related physical deviations of a spiral groove imprinted, etched, incised, or impressed in to the surface of any spinning disc or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the top is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated because of it, very reproducing the registered audio faintly. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air by having a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also called record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the movements of the stylus are changed into an analogous electric powered signal by a transducer, then changed back into audio by way of a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors possessed produced devices that could record may seem, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the noted sound. His phonograph at first recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a revolving cylinder. A stylus responding to acoustics vibrations produced an up and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, like the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved laterally in a "zig zag" groove around the record.

Inside the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the changeover from phonograph cylinders to smooth discs with a spiral groove operating from the periphery to close to the center. Later advancements through the entire years included alterations to the turntable and its drive system, the stylus or needle, and the equalization and sound systems.

The disk phonograph record was the prominent audio tracking format throughout the majority of the 20th hundred years. From mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined due to rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disk and other digital recording formats. Data are a favorite format for some audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances still. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The original recordings of musicians are re-issued on vinyl sometimes.

Using terminology is not standard across the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixing machine as part of a DJ setup, turntables are often called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was produced from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related conditions gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "tone of voice") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photo ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and mobile phone ("distant sound"). The new term may have been affected by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which described a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times taken an advertisements for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Educators Association tabled a action to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Arguably, any device used to record audio or reproduce documented sound could be called a type of "phonograph", but in common practice the word has come to indicate historic solutions of sound recording, relating audio-frequency modulations of any physical groove or track.

In the overdue 19th and early 20th centuries, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brands specific to various manufacturers of sometimes very different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so appreciable use was made of the universal term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential way to obtain confusion both then and now.

In British English, "gramophone" may make reference to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, that have been popularized and presented in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed which it had turn into a generic term; it has been so used in the UK and most Commonwealth countries ever since. The term "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. Following the introduction of the softer vinyl fabric information, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing information) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song information, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Usually the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such something began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian British, "record player" was the term; "turntable" was a more technical term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as in British English.