Best Antique Phonograph

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Antiques, Art, and Collectibles: Columbia Graphophone Phonograph

Posted by : Laila June 24, 2016

Antiques, Art, and Collectibles: Columbia Graphophone Phonographhttps://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR_WaIUT1nXratjaBjoaf92aaPXGGq7Q83FYTO22Jr3qvm6l2OHDohJZZWP5c8q9CjsPgXuPepUmqu6jsjBX7LSP2TTecIOsaBv-fU5KNdJvlGtViPwJKcfPlvBtpyTdZNZO-cqeGzOLgD/s1600/IMG_1215.JPG

Columbia Graphophone Company antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device created in 1877 for the mechanical recording and duplication of sound. In its later forms it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The audio vibration waveforms are saved as matching physical deviations of a spiral groove etched, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of an revolving disc or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the sound, the top is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is also therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the noted audio. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air by having a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electric powered signal by the transducer, then modified back into audio by the loudspeaker.

The phonograph was developed in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors possessed produced devices which could record looks, Edison's phonograph was the first to be able to reproduce the saved audio. His phonograph formerly recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a spinning cylinder. A stylus responding to sound vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved laterally in a "zig zag" groove round the record.

Within the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the changeover from phonograph cylinders to level discs with a spiral groove jogging from the periphery to near to the center. Later advancements through the entire years included adjustments to the turntable and its drive system, the needle or stylus, and the equalization and audio systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominant audio tracking format throughout almost all of the 20th hundred years. Through the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined as a result of rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disk and other digital taking formats. Details are a favorite format for some audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances still. Musicians continue steadily to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of musicians are re-issued on vinyl fabric sometimes.

Using terminology is not standard over the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is named a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixer as part of a DJ set up, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related conditions gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "letter" and ???? ph?n? "tone") and graphophone have similar main meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photograph ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and cell phone ("distant sound"). The brand new term may have been inspired by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which described something of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times taken an advertising campaign for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Instructors Association tabled a movement to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to track record audio or reproduce documented sound could be called a type of "phonograph", but in common practice the word has come to imply historic systems of sound recording, including audio-frequency modulations of any physical track or groove.

In the later 19th and early on 20th centuries, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brand names specific to various manufacturers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so substantial use was made of the generic term "talking machine", in print especially. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential source of confusion both then and now.

In British English, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, which were unveiled and popularized in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of this company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed which it had become a generic term; it's been so used in the UK and most Commonwealth countries since. The term "phonograph" was usually limited to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. Following the benefits of the softer vinyl records, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing information) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song files, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of something that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might play audiotape cassettes also. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a more technological term; "gramophone" was limited to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as with British English.