Best Antique Phonograph

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Columbia Graphophonequot; Phonograph : Lot 480

Posted by : Laila October 28, 2016

Columbia Graphophonequot; Phonograph : Lot 480http://p2.la-img.com/364/40452/17378176_1_l.jpg

Graphophone antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device developed in 1877 for the mechanised taking and duplication of audio. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are registered as corresponding physical deviations of an spiral groove etched, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of an revolving disc or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the sound, the surface is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is also therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the documented sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air by using a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the motions of the stylus are changed into an analogous electrical power signal by way of a transducer, then altered back to audio by a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors got produced devices that may record may seem, Edison's phonograph was the first to be able to reproduce the recorded audio. His phonograph actually recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a revolving cylinder. A stylus responding to sound vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove across the record.

Within the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the move from phonograph cylinders to even discs with a spiral groove jogging from the periphery to close to the center. Later improvements through the years included changes to the turntable and its own drive system, the needle or stylus, and the equalization and audio systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominating audio recording format throughout almost all of the 20th century. From mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply because of the rise of the cassette tape, compact disc and other digital taking formats. Information are a well liked format for a few audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are still employed by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue steadily to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of music artists are sometimes re-issued on vinyl fabric.

Using terminology is not uniform over the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is often called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixing machine within a DJ installation, turntables are often called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "letter" and ???? ph?n? "speech") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The origins were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photo ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and phone ("distant sound"). The new term might have been inspired by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which described something of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times transported an ad for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Professors Relationship tabled a action to "employ a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to record sound or reproduce saved sound could be called a type of "phonograph", but in common practice the word has come to indicate historic solutions of sensible recording, involving audio-frequency modulations of an physical groove or trace.

In the later 19th and early 20th decades, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brands specific to various manufacturers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so appreciable use was manufactured from the common term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lip area - a potential way to obtain distress both and now then.

In British British, "gramophone" may make reference to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, which were popularized and launched in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed that it had become a generic term; it has been so used in the united kingdom and most Commonwealth countries since. The term "phonograph" was usually limited to machines which used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. Following the introduction of the softer vinyl fabric records, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing files) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song documents, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, may also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such something began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a more technological term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as in British English.