Columbia Phonograph Company antique phonograph
The phonograph is a device developed in 1877 for the mechanised duplication and taking of audio. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are noted as related physical deviations of any spiral groove etched, etched, incised, or impressed in to the surface of any rotating cylinder or disc, called a "record". To recreate the sound, the top is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is also therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the documented audio. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air through a flaring horn, or right to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the movements of the stylus are changed into an analogous electrical power signal by a transducer, transformed back to audio by a loudspeaker then.
The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors possessed produced devices which could record may seem, Edison's phonograph was the first to be able to reproduce the saved audio. His phonograph formerly recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a rotating cylinder. A stylus giving an answer to sound vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, like the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove around the record.
In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the move from phonograph cylinders to toned discs with a spiral groove operating from the periphery to nearby the center. Later improvements through the years included changes to the turntable and its own drive system, the stylus or needle, and the equalization and sound systems.
The disc phonograph record was the dominant audio tracking format throughout the majority of the 20th hundred years. From mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined due to rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disc and other digital taking formats. Files are a favorite format for a few audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are still utilized by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of music artists are re-issued on vinyl fabric sometimes.
Usage of terminology is not homogeneous across the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixing machine within a DJ setup, turntables tend to be called "decks".
The term phonograph ("sound writing") was produced from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "letter" and ???? ph?n? "tone of voice") and graphophone have similar main meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as picture ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and telephone ("distant sound"). The new term may have been inspired by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times taken an advert for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Professors Association tabled a movement to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.
Arguably, any device used to record sound or reproduce recorded audio could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the term has come to indicate historic technologies of sensible saving, relating audio-frequency modulations of any physical groove or track.
In the overdue 19th and early on 20th hundreds of years, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brand names specific to various designers of sometimes very different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so appreciable use was manufactured from the general term "talking machine", in print especially. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential source of confusion both then and now.
In British English, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, which were introduced and popularized in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of this company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, however in 1910 an English court decision decreed so it had become a generic term; it's been so used in the UK and most Commonwealth countries since. The word "phonograph" was usually limited to machines which used cylinder records.
"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. Following the intro of the softer vinyl fabric documents, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing details) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song details, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might play audiotape cassettes also. From about 1960, such something began to certainly be a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).
In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a far more technological term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as in British English.
24: 12quot; X 16 1/2quot; COLUMBIA quot;GRAFONOLAquot; PHONOGRAPH DISC :
https://p2.liveauctioneers.com/654/32293/12940839_1_l.jpgANTIQPEDIA Columbia Phonograph Standard A Model 1906
http://www.antiqpedia.com/admin/pictures/articles/81/6dfe8354f0f8d8d2fe2fde1061251636.jpegAntique Columbia Graphophone Phonograph in working condition Watch our
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR_WaIUT1nXratjaBjoaf92aaPXGGq7Q83FYTO22Jr3qvm6l2OHDohJZZWP5c8q9CjsPgXuPepUmqu6jsjBX7LSP2TTecIOsaBv-fU5KNdJvlGtViPwJKcfPlvBtpyTdZNZO-cqeGzOLgD/s1600/IMG_1215.JPGcolumbia became part of sony corporation of japan columbia gem
http://www.razzarsharp.com/Phonographs/Columbia_Phonographs/ColumbiaGrand1.jpgOIP.M691b89665b22b9fc56e5519aecbae580o0
48A87A4F27522B05AA113D2E899A75133641BE8CDhttp://www.annexpawn.com/shop/antique-columbia-grafonola-phonograph-crank-record-payer/
Embed Our image to your website
ThumbnailImageEmbed Our image to a Forum
ThumbnailImage
