Graphophone antique phonograph
The phonograph is a device created in 1877 for the mechanised recording and duplication of sound. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are registered as equivalent physical deviations of any spiral groove etched, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of your revolving cylinder or disc, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the top is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the registered sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air by using a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also called record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electric powered signal by way of a transducer, then turned back into audio with a loudspeaker.
The phonograph was developed in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors acquired produced devices that could record tones, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the documented sound. His phonograph formerly recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a rotating cylinder. A stylus responding to appear vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, like the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove round the record.
Inside the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the changeover from phonograph cylinders to chiseled discs with a spiral groove operating from the periphery to close to the center. Later advancements through the entire years included changes to the turntable and its drive system, the stylus or needle, and the equalization and sound systems.
The disk phonograph record was the dominating audio saving format throughout the majority of the 20th century. From the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined as a result of rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disk and other digital tracking formats. Files are still a favorite format for some audiophiles and DJs. Vinyl records are still employed by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue steadily to release their recordings on vinyl records. The original recordings of musicians are sometimes re-issued on vinyl.
Using terminology is not consistent across the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixer within a DJ installation, turntables tend to be called "decks".
The word phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "words") and graphophone have similar main meanings. The origins were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photo ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and telephone ("distant sound"). The new term might have been influenced by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times transported an advertising campaign for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Teachers Connection tabled a action to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.
Probably, any device used to record audio or reproduce saved audio could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the expressed phrase has come to imply ancient solutions of sound saving, including audio-frequency modulations of the physical groove or trace.
In the later 19th and early on 20th decades, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brand names specific to various producers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so considerable use was made of the universal term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to make reference to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lip area - a potential source of confusion both and today then.
In British British, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, which were popularized and unveiled in the UK by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of this company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, however in 1910 an English court decision decreed that it had turn into a generic term; it's been so used in the united kingdom and most Commonwealth countries ever since. The word "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.
"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. After the advantages of the softer vinyl fabric information, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing documents) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song details, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Usually the home record player was part of something that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, may also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).
In Australian English, "record player" was the term; "turntable" was a more technological term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanical (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as in British English.
456: Phonograph quot;Columbia Graphophone BF Peerlessquot; c. : Lot 456
https://p2.liveauctioneers.com/364/2353/1017999_1_l.jpgGramophone Phonograph Type BN 25 Antique Graphophone Rare With Records
http://thumbs.picclick.com/00/s/MTIwMFgxNjAw/z/ta4AAOSwYmZXGBbD/$/Columbia-Gramophone-Phonograph-Type-BN-25-Antique-Graphophone-_57.jpgGraphophone39; Free Standing Phonograph by The Columbia Phonograph Co
http://c0728562.cdn.cloudfiles.rackspacecloud.com/SC221175_HR.jpgAntiques, Art, and Collectibles: Columbia Graphophone Phonograph
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgco0vXjcmiZ0g6kUZo6HeBJqGIiUunWdY-uhG3PoUyhF_cLyayj1bjQcvfqGmr-IKcFjih0i4ARbcxdpcETt5_NSrqgFdG-UTvDHBlRd2-AxpJjjEKDP2-JE1GGnWX4nykGJIzuNqlsNKf/s1600/IMG_1217.JPGOIP.M1de1846d2de242f1d34886c2187717a0o0
1A666D88EFCCF59320E00EC887D3A7FDAA0484D60http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/20651975_columbia-graphophone-tabletop-phonograph
Embed Our image to your website
ThumbnailImageEmbed Our image to a Forum
ThumbnailImage
