Best Antique Phonograph

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phonograph manufacturers, Lists of manufacturers, Phonograph

Posted by : Laila July 08, 2016

phonograph manufacturers, Lists of manufacturers, Phonographhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SL-QL1_DA14-21C159_R4-1_IMG_7651p2.JPG/220px-SL-QL1_DA14-21C159_R4-1_IMG_7651p2.JPG

Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device invented in 1877 for the mechanised tracking and reproduction of audio. In its later forms it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of the spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of an spinning cylinder or disk, called a "record". To recreate the sound, the top is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove which is therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the documented audio. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air by way of a flaring horn, or right to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, most recently, turntables), the movements of the stylus are converted into an analogous electric powered signal by way of a transducer, transformed back to audio by way of a loudspeaker then.

The phonograph was developed in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors got produced devices that could record sounds, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to be able to reproduce the noted audio. His phonograph at first recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a spinning cylinder. A stylus giving an answer to sound vibrations produced an along or hill-and-dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, like the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove about the record.

In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the move from phonograph cylinders to smooth discs with a spiral groove jogging from the periphery to close to the center. Later advancements through the years included changes to the turntable and its drive system, the stylus or needle, and the equalization and audio systems.

The disk phonograph record was the prominent audio taking format throughout almost all of the 20th hundred years. From mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply as a result of rise of the cassette tape, compact disk and other digital tracking formats. Files are a well liked format for a few audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are still used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue steadily to release their recordings on vinyl records. The original recordings of music artists are re-issued on vinyl fabric sometimes.

Using terminology is not homogeneous across the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is categorised as a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixer within a DJ setup, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The term phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "words") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The roots were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as picture ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and mobile phone ("distant sound"). The brand new term might have been inspired by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times taken an advertisements for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the brand new York State Educators Association tabled a movement to "hire a phonographic recorder" to track record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to record audio or reproduce saved sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", however in common practice the term has come to signify ancient technologies of sensible recording, relating audio-frequency modulations of an physical track or groove.

In the overdue 19th and early 20th hundreds of years, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brand names specific to various producers of sometimes very different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so extensive use was manufactured from the general term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential way to obtain confusion both then and now.

In British British, "gramophone" may make reference to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, which were popularized and launched in the UK by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed which it had turn into a generic term; it has been so used in the united kingdom and most Commonwealth countries since. The word "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. Following the introduction of the softer vinyl documents, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing documents) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song documents, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the common name became "record player" or "turntable". Usually the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might play audiotape cassettes also. From about 1960, such something began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a more specialized term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as with British English.