Best Antique Phonograph

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Jumbo gramophone phonograph horn repurposed as a lighting fixture

Posted by : Laila July 06, 2016

Jumbo gramophone phonograph horn repurposed as a lighting fixturehttp://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/56/8e/1c/568e1c5487f342873312099292755273.jpg

Linn Products antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device created in 1877 for the mechanical reproduction and taking of sound. In its later forms it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as matching physical deviations of any spiral groove imprinted, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the surface is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated because of it, very reproducing the noted sound faintly. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air through a flaring horn, or right to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also called record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the movements of the stylus are converted into an analogous electrical power signal by a transducer, then modified back to sound by the loudspeaker.

The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors got produced devices that may record noises, Edison's phonograph was the first to have the ability to reproduce the documented sound. His phonograph formerly recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a rotating cylinder. A stylus responding to sound vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove across the record.

In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the change from phonograph cylinders to smooth discs with a spiral groove working from the periphery to near to the center. Later improvements through the years included adjustments to the turntable and its drive system, the needle or stylus, and the audio and equalization systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominating audio saving format throughout the majority of the 20th century. Through the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply because of the rise of the cassette tape, compact disc and other digital tracking formats. Details are a well liked format for some audiophiles and DJs still. Vinyl records are being used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances still. Musicians continue steadily to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of musicians are re-issued on vinyl sometimes.

Usage of terminology is not standard over the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is often called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixing machine as part of a DJ installation, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was produced from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related conditions gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "voice") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The origins were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as picture ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and telephone ("distant sound"). The new term may have been affected by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which described a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 The New York Times transported an advertisements for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the brand new York State Instructors Relationship tabled a movement to "employ a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to record sound or reproduce registered audio could be called a type of "phonograph", however in common practice the term has come to signify historical solutions of acoustics taking, concerning audio-frequency modulations of a physical groove or track.

In the overdue 19th and early on 20th hundreds of years, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brand names specific to various makers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so appreciable use was made of the common term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to make reference to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential way to obtain confusion both then and now.

In British English, "gramophone" may make reference to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, that have been popularized and released in the UK by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of this company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed which it had turn into a generic term; it's been so used in the UK & most Commonwealth countries since. The term "phonograph" was usually limited to machines which used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. Following the benefits of the softer vinyl files, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing details) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song details, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the common name became "record player" or "turntable". Usually the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian British, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a more specialized term; "gramophone" was limited to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used just as British English.