Best Antique Phonograph

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Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company

Posted by : Laila September 11, 2016

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Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device invented in 1877 for the mechanical saving and reproduction of audio. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are registered as matching physical deviations of a spiral groove imprinted, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of your revolving cylinder or disc, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the top is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is also therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the recorded audio. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air through a flaring horn, or right to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also called record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electrical signal with a transducer, then turned back into sound with a loudspeaker.

The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors got produced devices that may record may seem, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the registered sound. His phonograph formerly recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a rotating cylinder. A stylus giving an answer to appear vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, like the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove across the record.

Within the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the transition from phonograph cylinders to smooth discs with a spiral groove running from the periphery to near the center. Later improvements through the full years included changes to the turntable and its own drive system, the stylus or needle, and the audio and equalization systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominant audio recording format throughout the majority of the 20th century. Through the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply because of the rise of the cassette tape, compact disc and other digital taking formats. Information are still a well liked format for some audiophiles and DJs. Vinyl records are still used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue steadily to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of music artists are re-issued on vinyl sometimes.

Usage of terminology is not standard over the English-speaking world (see below). In more modern usage, the playback device is often called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When found in conjunction with a mixer within a DJ set up, turntables are often called "decks".

The term phonograph ("sound writing") was produced from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "voice") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photo ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and mobile phone ("distant sound"). The new term might have been inspired by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 The New York Times taken an advertisements for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Professors Connection tabled a movement to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Arguably, any device used to record sound or reproduce registered sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", however in common practice the term has come to mean traditional technology of sound recording, affecting audio-frequency modulations of any physical groove or trace.

In the later 19th and early 20th hundreds of years, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brands specific to various producers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so considerable use was made of the universal term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to make reference to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential source of confusion both and now then.

In British British, "gramophone" may make reference to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, which were popularized and launched in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, however in 1910 an English court decision decreed that this had become a generic term; it's been so used in the UK & most Commonwealth countries ever since. The term "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally described a wind-up machine. Following the introduction of the softer vinyl fabric information, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing files) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song records, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Usually the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a far more technical term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanised (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used such as British English.