Best Antique Phonograph

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Antique Phonographs, Photos Gramophones, Victrolas, Photos

Posted by : Laila September 19, 2016

Antique Phonographs, Photos Gramophones, Victrolas, Photoshttp://www.razzarsharp.com/Phonographs/GuestPhotos/PhonosNov2013/JanL.jpg

Michell antique phonograph

The phonograph is a tool invented in 1877 for the mechanical reproduction and taking of sound. In its later forms it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The audio vibration waveforms are registered as equivalent physical deviations of a spiral groove imprinted, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a revolving disc or cylinder, called a "record". To recreate the audio, the top is likewise rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and it is therefore vibrated because of it, very faintly reproducing the recorded audio. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air by having a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electrical signal by way of a transducer, transformed back into audio with a loudspeaker then.

The phonograph was created in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors got produced devices that may record does sound, Edison's phonograph was the first ever to have the ability to reproduce the noted sound. His phonograph at first recorded audio onto a tinfoil sheet twisted around a rotating cylinder. A stylus responding to sensible vibrations produced an up and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved laterally in a "zig zag" groove round the record.

In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the changeover from phonograph cylinders to flat discs with a spiral groove working from the periphery to near to the center. Later improvements over time included changes to the turntable and its own drive system, the stylus or needle, and the sound and equalization systems.

The disk phonograph record was the dominant audio recording format throughout most of the 20th hundred years. From mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined as a result of rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disk and other digital recording formats. Files remain a favorite format for a few audiophiles and DJs. Vinyl records are still used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The original recordings of music artists are re-issued on vinyl fabric sometimes.

Usage of terminology is not consistent over the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is often called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixing machine as part of a DJ installation, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was produced from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "notice" and ???? ph?n? "tone") and graphophone have similar main meanings. The root base were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as photo ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and phone ("distant sound"). The new term might have been influenced by the prevailing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times transported an ad for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the brand new York State Instructors Relationship tabled a motion to "hire a phonographic recorder" to record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to track record sound or reproduce recorded sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", however in common practice the word has come to imply historic technology of sound saving, including audio-frequency modulations of any physical track or groove.

In the later 19th and early on 20th decades, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and the like were still brand names specific to various producers of sometimes completely different (i.e. cylinder and disc) machines; so sizeable use was made of the universal term "talking machine", in print especially. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and lips - a potential way to obtain confusion both then and today.

In British English, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disc records, that have been unveiled and popularized in the united kingdom by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, but in 1910 an English court decision decreed that this had become a generic term; it's been so used in the united kingdom & most Commonwealth countries since. The word "phonograph" was usually restricted to machines that used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. After the release of the softer vinyl details, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing files) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song details, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the common name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to be described as a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the term; "turntable" was a more technical term; "gramophone" was limited to the old mechanical (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as with British English.