Best Antique Phonograph

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Antiques, Art, and Collectibles: Columbia Graphophone Phonograph

Posted by : Laila May 24, 2016

Antiques, Art, and Collectibles: Columbia Graphophone Phonographhttps://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB9j3UuhZNfzptFcr17fToWfgEUN1zxlkXU2YYa3bWkcA5ER95lqMBxvbCE0ftPFfOb4T4eLdUoYMTn-nrfdNK-2hX6-eyJnWUGVvH0wNTkMhGWRKPpUuMA3lX0EbK4B3CUdwdyIydsH3V/s1600/IMG_1214.JPG

Columbia Graphophone Company antique phonograph

The phonograph is a device created in 1877 for the mechanised reproduction and saving of sound. In its later forms additionally it is called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name since c. 1900). The sound vibration waveforms are noted as matching physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed in to the surface of the spinning cylinder or disc, called a "record". To recreate the sound, the top is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and it is therefore vibrated because of it, very reproducing the saved audio faintly. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves that have been coupled to the open air via a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. In later electric phonographs (also known as record players (since 1940s) or, lately, turntables), the motions of the stylus are converted into an analogous electric signal by the transducer, converted back to sound by way of a loudspeaker then.

The phonograph was developed in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors experienced produced devices which could record sounds, Edison's phonograph was the first to have the ability to reproduce the documented sound. His phonograph originally recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a rotating cylinder. A stylus responding to appear vibrations produced an and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil up. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders, and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a "zig zag" groove round the record.

Inside the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the changeover from phonograph cylinders to toned discs with a spiral groove running from the periphery to close to the center. Later improvements through the entire years included improvements to the turntable and its own drive system, the stylus or needle, and the audio and equalization systems.

The disc phonograph record was the prominent audio saving format throughout the majority of the 20th hundred years. Through the mid-1980s on, phonograph use on a standard record player declined as a result of rise of the cassette tape sharply, compact disc and other digital recording formats. Records remain a favorite format for a few audiophiles and DJs. Vinyl records are being used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances still. Musicians continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The initial recordings of music artists are re-issued on vinyl sometimes.

Using terminology is not even across the English-speaking world (see below). In newer usage, the playback device is often called a "turntable", "record player", or "record changer". When used in conjunction with a mixer within a DJ installation, turntables tend to be called "decks".

The word phonograph ("sound writing") was derived from the Greek words ???? (phon?, "sound" or "voice") and ????? (graph?, "writing"). The similar related conditions gramophone (from the Greek ?????? gramma "letter" and ???? ph?n? "tone") and graphophone have similar root meanings. The roots were already familiar from existing 19th-century words such as picture ("light writing"), telegraph ("distant writing"), and phone ("distant sound"). The new term might have been inspired by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which described something of phonetic shorthand; in 1852 THE BRAND NEW York Times transported an advertisements for "Professor Webster's phonographic class", and in 1859 the New York State Instructors Association tabled a movement to "employ a phonographic recorder" to track record its meetings.

Probably, any device used to track record audio or reproduce documented sound could be called a kind of "phonograph", but in common practice the expressed term has come to mean traditional technologies of sound recording, regarding audio-frequency modulations of a physical groove or track.

In the late 19th and early 20th hundreds of years, "Phonograph", "Gramophone", "Graphophone", "Zonophone" and so on were still brand names specific to various designers of sometimes very different (i.e. cylinder and disk) machines; so extensive use was made of the general term "talking machine", especially in print. "Talking machine" had earlier been used to refer to complicated devices which produced a crude imitation of speech, by simulating the workings of the vocal cords, tongue, and mouth - a potential source of confusion both and today then.

In British English, "gramophone" may refer to any sound-reproducing machine using disk records, which were popularized and presented in the UK by the Gramophone Company. Originally, "gramophone" was a proprietary trademark of that company and any use of the name by competing makers of disc records was vigorously prosecuted in the courts, however in 1910 an English court decision decreed which it had turn into a generic term; it has been so used in the united kingdom and most Commonwealth countries since. The term "phonograph" was usually limited to machines which used cylinder records.

"Gramophone" generally referred to a wind-up machine. Following the advantages of the softer vinyl fabric information, 33 1/3-rpm LPs (long-playing details) and 45-rpm "single" or two-song files, and EPs (extended-play recordings), the normal name became "record player" or "turntable". Often the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, may also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1960, such a system began to certainly be a "hi-fi" (high-fidelity, monophonic) or a "stereo" (most systems being stereophonic by the mid-1960s).

In Australian English, "record player" was the word; "turntable" was a far more technical term; "gramophone" was restricted to the old mechanical (i.e., wind-up) players; and "phonograph" was used as with British English.